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HomeHomework HelpchemistryOrganic Molecules Overview

Organic Molecules Overview

Organic molecules are carbon-containing compounds that are fundamental to the structure and function of living organisms, while functional groups are specific groups of atoms within these molecules that confer distinct chemical properties and reactivity, influencing the behavior of the entire molecule.

intermediate
3 hours
Chemistry
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Overview

Organic molecules are essential components of life, primarily composed of carbon and other elements. They form the basis of many biological processes and materials, including proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Understanding organic molecules and their functional groups is crucial for studying chem...

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Key Terms

Organic Molecule
A molecule primarily made of carbon atoms.

Example: Glucose is an organic molecule.

Functional Group
A specific group of atoms that impart certain properties to a molecule.

Example: The hydroxyl group (-OH) is a functional group.

Hydrophilic
Molecules that are attracted to water.

Example: Sugar is hydrophilic.

Hydrophobic
Molecules that repel water.

Example: Oils are hydrophobic.

Isomer
Compounds with the same formula but different structures.

Example: Butane and isobutane are isomers.

Stereoisomer
Isomers that differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms.

Example: Cis and trans forms of alkenes.

Related Topics

Biochemistry
Study of chemical processes within living organisms.
advanced
Polymer Chemistry
Study of large molecules made of repeating units.
advanced
Environmental Chemistry
Study of chemical processes in the environment.
intermediate

Key Concepts

Carbon BackboneFunctional GroupsHydrophilic vs HydrophobicIsomerism