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HomeHomework HelpbiologySynapses and neurotransmitters

Synapses and neurotransmitters

Synapses are specialized junctions between neurons that facilitate communication by allowing the transmission of electrical or chemical signals. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers released from the presynaptic neuron that bind to receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, thereby influencing its activity.

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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Overview

Synapses and neurotransmitters are fundamental components of the nervous system, enabling communication between neurons. Synapses serve as the connection points where neurotransmitters are released, allowing signals to be transmitted across the synaptic cleft. Understanding these processes is crucia...

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Key Terms

Neuron
A nerve cell that transmits signals in the nervous system.

Example: Motor neurons control muscle movements.

Synapse
The junction between two neurons where communication occurs.

Example: The synapse allows neurotransmitters to pass signals.

Neurotransmitter
A chemical messenger that transmits signals across synapses.

Example: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in reward.

Receptor
A protein on a neuron that binds to neurotransmitters.

Example: Dopamine receptors respond to dopamine.

Synaptic Cleft
The small gap between two neurons at a synapse.

Example: Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft to bind to receptors.

Long-term Potentiation
A long-lasting increase in synaptic strength.

Example: Long-term potentiation is associated with learning.

Related Topics

Neurobiology
The study of the biology of the nervous system, including neurons and synapses.
intermediate
Psychopharmacology
The study of how drugs affect the mind and behavior through neurotransmitter systems.
advanced
Cognitive Neuroscience
The field that explores the relationship between cognitive processes and brain function.
advanced

Key Concepts

NeuronsSynaptic TransmissionNeurotransmitter TypesReceptors