Overview
Second messengers, such as cAMP and calcium ions, are crucial for cellular communication. They help transmit signals from the cell surface to internal targets, enabling cells to respond to various stimuli. Understanding these molecules is essential for grasping how cells function and interact with t...
Key Terms
Example: cAMP and Ca2+ are common second messengers.
Example: cAMP activates protein kinase A.
Example: Ca2+ release triggers muscle contraction.
Example: Hormones binding to receptors initiate signal transduction.
Example: Insulin receptors bind insulin to regulate glucose levels.
Example: Protein kinase A is activated by cAMP.
Related Topics
Hormonal Signaling
Explores how hormones act as signaling molecules and their effects on target cells.
intermediateNeurotransmission
Examines how signals are transmitted in the nervous system, including the role of second messengers.
advancedCellular Metabolism
Focuses on how signaling pathways regulate metabolic processes in cells.
intermediateKey Concepts
cAMPCalcium Ions (Ca2+)Signal TransductionCellular Response