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HomeHomework HelpbiologyPolysaccharides

Polysaccharides

A type of carbohydrate consisting of many linked monosaccharide units, varying in chain length and molecular weight, including examples such as starch, which serves as an energy-storing molecule in plants, and can have different structures, such as linear or branched chains

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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Overview

Polysaccharides are essential carbohydrates made up of long chains of monosaccharides. They play vital roles in living organisms, serving as energy storage molecules and providing structural support. Common examples include starch, glycogen, and cellulose, each with unique functions and properties. ...

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Key Terms

Monosaccharide
The simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar unit.

Example: Glucose is a common monosaccharide.

Disaccharide
A carbohydrate formed from two monosaccharides.

Example: Sucrose is a disaccharide made of glucose and fructose.

Starch
A storage polysaccharide found in plants, made of glucose units.

Example: Potatoes are rich in starch.

Glycogen
A storage polysaccharide in animals, similar to starch but more branched.

Example: Glycogen is stored in liver and muscle cells.

Cellulose
A structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls, composed of glucose units.

Example: Cellulose gives plants rigidity.

Chitin
A structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of arthropods.

Example: Chitin provides strength to insect shells.

Related Topics

Carbohydrate Metabolism
Study of how carbohydrates are processed in the body for energy.
intermediate
Biopolymers
Exploration of natural polymers, including proteins and nucleic acids.
advanced
Nutrition Science
Understanding the role of carbohydrates in human nutrition and health.
intermediate

Key Concepts

StructureFunctionTypesBiological Importance