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HomeHomework HelpbiologyOrigin of Eukaryotic Cells

Origin of Eukaryotic Cells

The origin of eukaryotic cells, known as the endosymbiotic theory, posits that these complex cells evolved through a symbiotic relationship between ancestral prokaryotic cells, where certain bacteria were engulfed by larger cells and eventually became integral organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. This theory is supported by molecular and genetic evidence indicating that these organelles share similarities with free-living prokaryotes.

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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Overview

The endosymbiotic theory provides a compelling explanation for the origin of eukaryotic cells, suggesting that they evolved from prokaryotic cells through symbiotic relationships. This theory highlights the importance of cooperation in evolution, as different species merged to form more complex life...

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Key Terms

Eukaryotic Cell
A complex cell with a nucleus and organelles.

Example: Animal and plant cells are eukaryotic.

Prokaryotic Cell
A simple cell without a nucleus, typically unicellular.

Example: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells.

Endosymbiosis
A symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another.

Example: Mitochondria are thought to have originated through endosymbiosis.

Mitochondria
Organelles that produce energy for the cell.

Example: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Chloroplasts
Organelles that conduct photosynthesis in plant cells.

Example: Chloroplasts give plants their green color.

Symbiosis
A close relationship between two different organisms.

Example: Coral reefs are formed through symbiotic relationships.

Related Topics

Cell Theory
The fundamental theory that all living organisms are composed of cells.
beginner
Evolutionary Biology
The study of the processes that have led to the diversity of life on Earth.
intermediate
Microbiology
The study of microorganisms, including bacteria and their interactions.
intermediate

Key Concepts

EndosymbiosisMitochondriaChloroplastsEvolution