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HomeHomework HelpbiologyNeurons and Nerve Impulse

Neurons and Nerve Impulse

Neurons are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit electrical signals, known as nerve impulses, through their unique structure, which includes a cell body, dendrites for receiving signals, and an axon for sending signals to other neurons or target tissues. The propagation of nerve impulses occurs via a series of rapid changes in membrane potential, facilitated by the movement of ions across the neuron's membrane.

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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Overview

Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system, responsible for transmitting information throughout the body. They consist of various parts, including dendrites, axons, and synapses, each playing a crucial role in communication. Nerve impulses, which are electrical signals, travel along neuro...

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Key Terms

Neuron
A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses.

Example: Motor neurons control muscle movements.

Dendrite
Branch-like structures that receive signals from other neurons.

Example: Dendrites collect information from the environment.

Axon
A long projection that transmits impulses away from the neuron's cell body.

Example: The axon can be several feet long in some neurons.

Synapse
The junction between two neurons where communication occurs.

Example: Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse.

Neurotransmitter
Chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse.

Example: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in reward.

Action Potential
A rapid rise and fall in voltage across a neuron's membrane.

Example: Action potentials are essential for nerve signal transmission.

Related Topics

Neuroanatomy
Study of the structure of the nervous system and its components.
intermediate
Neurophysiology
Exploration of how the nervous system functions and processes information.
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Neuroscience
The scientific study of the nervous system, including its structure and function.
advanced
Psychophysiology
Study of the relationship between psychological processes and physiological responses.
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Key Concepts

Neuron StructureNerve Impulse TransmissionSynapsesNeurotransmitters