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HomeHomework HelpbiologyHuman gut microbiome

Human gut microbiome

The human gut microbiome refers to the diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and archaea, that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans. This complex ecosystem plays a crucial role in digestion, metabolism, immune function, and overall health.

intermediate
3 hours
Biology
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Overview

The human gut microbiome is a vital ecosystem composed of trillions of microorganisms that significantly influence our health. These microbes aid in digestion, support the immune system, and even affect our mood and behavior through the gut-brain axis. A diverse microbiome is essential for optimal h...

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Key Terms

Microbiome
The collection of microorganisms living in a specific environment.

Example: The gut microbiome includes bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Probiotics
Live beneficial bacteria that can improve gut health.

Example: Yogurt often contains probiotics.

Prebiotics
Non-digestible food components that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.

Example: Fiber-rich foods like bananas are prebiotics.

Dysbiosis
An imbalance in the gut microbiome that can lead to health issues.

Example: Dysbiosis can result from a poor diet or antibiotics.

Fermentation
A metabolic process that converts sugars to acids, gases, or alcohol.

Example: Sauerkraut is made through fermentation.

Gut-brain axis
The bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain.

Example: Stress can affect gut health through the gut-brain axis.

Related Topics

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Immunology
Study of the immune system and its functions.
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Microbial Ecology
Focuses on the interactions between microorganisms and their environment.
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Key Concepts

Microbiome diversityGut healthImmune systemDiet impact