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HomeHomework HelpbiologyFacilitated Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Facilitated diffusion is a passive transport process in which specific molecules move across a cell membrane through protein channels or carriers, down their concentration gradient, without the expenditure of energy. This mechanism allows substances that cannot directly permeate the lipid bilayer, such as glucose or ions, to enter or exit the cell efficiently.

beginner
1 hour
Biology
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Overview

Facilitated diffusion is a crucial biological process that allows specific molecules to cross cell membranes without the expenditure of energy. It relies on transport proteins that create pathways for substances that cannot easily diffuse through the lipid bilayer. This process is essential for main...

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Key Terms

Diffusion
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Example: Perfume spreading in a room.

Concentration Gradient
The difference in concentration of a substance between two areas.

Example: More sugar in one cup of water than another.

Cell Membrane
A protective barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling what enters and exits.

Example: The skin of a balloon.

Transport Proteins
Proteins that help move substances across the cell membrane.

Example: Glucose transporters in cells.

Passive Transport
Movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy.

Example: Oxygen entering cells.

Active Transport
Movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Example: Sodium-potassium pump in nerve cells.

Related Topics

Osmosis
The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
intermediate
Cellular Respiration
The process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy.
intermediate
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
Processes for transporting large molecules into and out of cells.
advanced

Key Concepts

Transport proteinsConcentration gradientCell membranePassive transport