Definition
Dominant traits are expressed in an organism's phenotype when at least one dominant allele is present, while recessive traits are only expressed when two copies of the recessive allele are present, resulting in a phenotype that reflects the recessive characteristic.
Summary
Dominant and recessive traits are fundamental concepts in genetics that explain how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Dominant traits require only one dominant allele to be expressed, while recessive traits need two recessive alleles. Understanding these concepts is essential for studying heredity and genetic variation in organisms. The study of dominant and recessive traits is rooted in Mendelian genetics, which provides a framework for predicting genetic outcomes using tools like Punnett squares. This knowledge is applicable in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, and conservation, as it helps us understand genetic disorders, breed plants and animals, and preserve biodiversity.
Key Takeaways
Dominant Traits
Dominant traits can mask the presence of recessive traits, meaning only one dominant allele is needed for expression.
highRecessive Traits
Recessive traits require two copies of the recessive allele to be expressed, making them less common in a population.
highGenotype vs. Phenotype
Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the observable expression of traits.
mediumMendel's Laws
Mendel's laws of inheritance explain how traits are passed from parents to offspring.
mediumWhat to Learn Next
Genetic Variation
Understanding genetic variation is important as it explains the diversity of traits in populations and how they adapt to environments.
intermediatePunnett Squares
Learning about Punnett squares will enhance your ability to predict genetic outcomes and understand inheritance patterns.
intermediate