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HomeHomework HelpbiologyCell Cycle Checkpoints

Cell Cycle Checkpoints

Cell cycle checkpoints are regulatory mechanisms that monitor and control the progression of the cell cycle at specific phases—G1, G2, and M—to ensure that the cell is ready for division, preventing the propagation of damaged DNA and maintaining genomic integrity. These checkpoints assess factors such as DNA integrity, cell size, and the proper completion of DNA replication before allowing the cell to advance to the next phase.

intermediate
2 hours
Biology
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Overview

Cell cycle checkpoints are essential control mechanisms that ensure cells divide correctly and maintain genetic integrity. They occur at critical points in the cell cycle: G1, G2, and M phases. Each checkpoint serves a specific purpose, such as assessing DNA damage, ensuring proper replication, and ...

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Key Terms

Cell Cycle
The series of phases that a cell goes through to divide and replicate.

Example: The cell cycle includes G1, S, G2, and M phases.

Checkpoint
A control mechanism in the cell cycle that ensures proper progression.

Example: The G1 checkpoint checks for DNA damage before replication.

Cyclins
Proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases.

Example: Cyclin D is important for the G1 phase.

CDKs
Cyclin-dependent kinases that are activated by cyclins to drive the cell cycle.

Example: CDK2 is activated by cyclin E during the G1 phase.

Mitosis
The process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.

Example: Mitosis occurs after the G2 phase.

DNA Damage
Alterations to the DNA structure that can lead to mutations.

Example: UV radiation can cause DNA damage.

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Key Concepts

G1 CheckpointG2 CheckpointM CheckpointCell Cycle Regulation